- What is it?
- Reduced length and increased tone of SCM on one side.
| Acute acquired / spasmodic | Congenital | |
| Cause | Idiopathic (could be injury, muscle tightness etc) | Idiopathic |
| Sx | The onset is sudden. pain(+), can not move. | Infancy Can not move, pain(-) |
| Tx | – Massage begins non-affected side – All technique should be pain free – Usually heat apply to reduce hypertonic, but could be apply ice to reduce pain – Submaximal Agonist contraction to stretch SCM – GTO, O&I : attachment of the SCM – After diminishing spasm of scm – massage on scalene, upper trap, levator scapula – Gentle swedish massage on SCM – After neck back to neutral position : GTO on other muscles, joint play, Slow passive stretch | – Fascia work on SCM, scalenes, pectoral fascia, upper trap, levator scapulae – Gentle stretching on the affected muscles |