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Massage Technicques & Principles

  1. Massage benefit
    • Pain control
      • Make stop the nociceptive nerve firing
      • Vasodialtion –> increase blood flow to ischemia tissue —> decreased the pain
      • Massage can affect to realase the opiate-like neurochemicals sucha as endorphines and enkephalins
      • Melzack and Wall’s gate contron theory of pain
    • Increase blood circulation
      • increase venous return
      • Blood viscosity decreases
      • Vasodialtion —> reduce blood pressure
        1. Massage stimulates the relase of vasodilator such as histamine an dacytylcholine
    • Increase lymphatinc flow
      • MLD
      • reduce edema
    • Relax muscles, decrease muslce spasm, adhesion
    • Loosening mucus in respiratory system
    • Improve immune system
    • Reduce stress
    • However, Massage can not
      • increase muscle tone or strength.
      • prevent musclular atrophy in the denervated tissue
      • decrease adipose tissue or cellulite
  2. The princeiple of massage
    1. General ->Specific -> General
      1. Ex) Effleuage over the entire back –> light petrissage –> Deep muslce stripping or deep kneading on trapezius which is hypertonic muscle –> light petrissage –> errleurage and stroking to the back
    2. Superficial -> Deep -> Superficial
      1. Ex) Light tapotement (tapping or pincement) –> soft hacking –> cupping –> soft hacking –>light tapotement
    3. Proximal -> Distal -> Proximal
      1. Ex) Hip –> Thigh –> lower leg –> foot —> lower leg —> thigh –> hip
      2. Injury site is considered the most distal point.
    4. Peripheral -> Central -> Peripheral
      1. When treating acute and subacute local injuries and scar tissues
      2. Around injury site —> Injury site —-> around injury site
  3. Technuques : Swedish
    1. Stroking
      • Very light pressure —>superficila technique
      • No lubricant
      • Can be applied centripetal or centrifugal
      • can be performed through the sheets
    2. Effleurage
      • To spread the lubricant
      • When ues : First and last and transition of the massage
    3. Petrissage
      1. Squezzing
      2. Stripping : thumb, fingertips, palmar, ulnar border, elbow, forearm
      3. Wringing
      4. Picking up
      5. Skin rolling
      6. Keading : thumb, fingertips, palmar, ulnar border, Forearm
    4. Vibration
      1. No lubricant
      2. Vivration is useful in painful and hyposensitive or need sensory re-education(ex, after cast has been removed)
      3. Fine vibration
      4. Coarse vibration
      5. Static vibration
      6. Runnig vibration
    5. Tapotement
      1. No lubricant
      2. Light : Pincement, tapping
      3. Heavy : Hacking(ulnar border), clapping, cupping, beating(fist), pounding, slapping
  4. Techniques : Non – Swedish
    1. Diaphragmatic breathing
    2. Manual Lymphatic drainage
    3. Static pressure
      1. GTO release
      2. Origin and insertion technique
      3. Muscle approximation
      4. Myofascial trigger point technique
      5. Pressure point technique
    4. Cross-fiber friction
    5. Fascial techniques
    6. Joint mobilization techniques
      1. shaking
      2. rocking
      3. tractioning
      4. Joint play
      5. Muscle energy

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