6 groups of essential nutrientsCarbohydratesFat and oilProteinsVitaminsMineralsWater MacronutrientsCarbohydratesRole : Primary source of fuel for the body, especially for the brain(nerve cells) and during exerciseEnergy : 4kcal/gramSources : grains, vegetables, fruits…
Befor start, read the breif explantion about the sprain Inversion sprain Most common ankle sprain damaging ligaments are lateral side of the ankle joint anterior talofibular ligament : most common…
Open kinetic chain exercises What is it?Open chain exercises (OKC) are exercises that are performed where the hand or foot is free to move.When weight is added to an open-chain exercise, it is…
Cranial bones(8) Ethmoid Frontal Occiput External Occipiatl Protuberance(EOP) Superior nuchal lines Parietal(2) Sphenoid Temporal(2) Mastoid process Zygomatic arch Styloid process Facial bones(14) Inferior nasal concha (2) Lacrimal(2) Mandible Body Base…
FlatbackIt may accompany hyperkyphosis or a lumbar hypolordosis.Posterior pelvic tilt and hip extension Tight and short muscles : hamstrings and abdominals --> Trigger point, fascia work, PNF or passive stretchWeak…
Massage benefitPain controlMake stop the nociceptive nerve firingVasodialtion --> increase blood flow to ischemia tissue ---> decreased the pain Massage can affect to realase the opiate-like neurochemicals sucha as endorphines…
What is the DDD ( Degenerative Disc Disease) It is degeneration of the annular fibres of the intervertebral disc. Anatomy Disc have two distinct components : the annulus fibrous(annular fibres)…
Functional or structure test = Adam’s forward bend test To Assess scoliosis Valsalva’s test To assess for a space-occupying lesion(ex, herniated disc, osteophyte or tumor) Positive: local pain or radiating…
Nerves Spinal nerve image Spinal cord matter cross-section-of-spinal-cord-1024x621.jpg (1024×621) (healthjade.com) Ligaments Vertebrae ligaments Atlantoaxial joint Transverse ligament : stabilizer for the odontoid process preventing it from posterior migration. Alar ligament…
Erector Spinae group Iliocostalis Longissimus Spinalis Transversospinalis group Semispinalis capitis/cervicis/thorcics Multifidi Rotators Splenii Splenius capitis Splenius cervicis Suboccipitals group Rectus capitis posterior major / minor Oblique capitis superior / inferior…